Window construction



Dec. 28 1926. 15612,.249

A. E. ANDERSON WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed August 8 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 5m, A A,

Dec. 28,1926. 1,612,249

A. E. ANDERSON WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed August 8, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet a Dec. 28 1926.

A. E, ANDERSON WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Aughst 8, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 A E. ANDERSON Dec. 28 1926.

WINDOW CONSTRUCTI ON Filed August 8, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Dec. 28 1926. 1,612,249

- A. E. ANDERSON WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed August 8, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 E i m a: 5 Ft 1? E i Lg. Aw x w Patented Dec. 28,. 1926.

PATENT OFFICE.

AMELIA E. annnnsomor com'mnns, onro.

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION.

' Application filed August 8, 1921. Serial No. 490,893.

My invention relates to window constructions wherein the sashes are adapted to slide side-Wise in a plane parallel to the wall.

Window constructions have heretofore been devised, wherein vertically or horizontally pivoted sashes are employed, or double hung sliding sashes, adapted to slide over one another vertically, and employing counterweights, cords and pulleys to'hold them in the desired position, also hinged windows have been employed hinged at the sides, known as French windows. Both the horizontal or vertically pivoted sashes and also the French windows have the disadvantage of interfering with draperies or ourtains hung about the interior of the window, also the hardware necessary to properly carry these types of windows must be of unusually heavy construction. These types of windows furthermore are subject to distortion and therefore become tight and difficult to open or close, also these windows are caused to rattle by action of the wind and the elements, and do not remain weathertight after a short period of use. Should any of these types, of windows be in open position during a high wind, there is danger of them suddenly slamming shut and thereby breaking the sashes and theglass panes.

The French type of windows require considerable floor space within the building, making it necessary to keep this space clear of furniture or other objects, also when they lose their shape and commence to sag, they may mar a finely polished floor or interfere with the floor coverings.

In the case of double hung windows, it is necessary to use an extremely heavy construction, together with pulleys and counterweights in order that the sashes may be counter-balanced when opened. Furthermore, moisture will sometimes expand these sashes and cause them to stick, also they will rattle by action of a wind or draft, thereby shaking loose the putty and the window panes. This type of window is also very troublesome, in that the sash cords sometimes break, whereupon it becomes necessary to entirely dismantle the window in order to replace the cords; further, it is impossible to clean this type of window entirely from the interior of the building and therefore it is necessary for the windowcleaner to stand outside on the window sill which is ver dangerous, owing to the possibility of falling when the window is placed high above the ground; further, in this type of window when thg glass becomes broken, it is necessary to 1' move the sash entirely from the frame in order to replace the glass. Furthermore, this type of window does not permit of maximum ventilation being ob tained, it only being possible to obtain a ventilating space of approximately one-half of the total area of the window opening.

One of the objects of my invention, is to utilize the entire window opening for ventilation when desired; further, to provide a window construction whereby it is possible to replace the lass panes in the sash from the interior 0% the building and without removing the same from the window frame; further, to provide a construction whereby absolute weather-tightness is obtained; further, to enable the panes to be cleaned, both inside and outside, from the interior of the building; further, to avoid rattling of the windows by the action of wind or the elements; further. to provide a construction occupying very little space and whereby interference with draperies, floor coverings or furniture within the building is avoided; further, to provide a support for the sash over its entire length, whereby sagging or distortion is avoided; further, to avoid the use of counterweights, pulleys, cords, hinges or pivotal suspensions; further, to provide means whereby great ease of operation is obtained; further, to prevent the sash and glass panes being broken, or the position of the sash when open being disturbed by a gust of wind; further, to provide an inexpensive construction of sight-1y and ornamental appearance; further, to provide a construction employing permanent materials only; further, to provide space available for potted plants or flower boxes between the window sash and the exterior plane of the wall; further, to provide a window construction capable of being manufactured in a single complete unit, and afterwards mounted in the walls of the building after the same has been completed, this to be accomplished without dismantling the unit.

My invention consists in a window frame having pairs of sashes slidable side-wise therein; further, in means to slidably support the s sh whereby warping, distortion and rattling is prevented and a weathertight joint is obtained; further, in interlocking means whereby mating members of the sashes are caused to coact to form a weathertight joint therebetween; further, in means whereby the glass panes may be placed in the sash from the interior of the building without removing the same from the window frame; further, in means whereby a weathertight joint is obtained between the sash and the window frame; further, in means whereby the entire space of the window opening may be employed as a ventilating space; further, in means whereby ventilation may be regulated as desired; further, in construction of the window 'sashes whereby extreme low cost of manufacture, durability and great strength is obtained; further, in pockets adapted to be built into the walls to receive the sashes when open;

further, in means whereby supporting runways for thesashes may be putinto place after the complete window is installed in the building; further, in construction whereby space is obtained between the outer plane of the wall and the sash, wherein flower boxes and plants may be placed without interfering in any manner with the operation of the window; and further, in unit construction whereby the same may be installed in a building without in any manner disturbing the parts thereof.

My invention further consists in the parts. construction, combination and arrangement of parts, and in the details of constructions as herein set forth and claimed.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an inside elevation of myimproved window construction showing the sashes partly opened;

Fig. 2 is an outside elevation of the sam showing the sashes closed;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the Fi 8 is a similar View showin a modification of the construction; 1

Fig. 9 is a detail in vertical section taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a horizontal sectional detail of the coacting inner end members of the sashes taken on the line 1010 of Fig. 1; V

Fig. 11 is a horizontal sectional detail of the outer side members oft-he sash and casement showing the manner of forming a weathertight joint therebetween and taken on the line 11-11 of Fig. 1;

tion, whereby the necessity of the wall pockets are avoided and showing thesashes partly open;

Fig. 13 is a similar view but showing the sashes closed;

Fig. 14 is ahorizontal section of the same showing the sashes closed and taken on the line 141-4 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 15 is an end elevation of the same;

F ig.'16 is a vertical longitudinal section of my improved window construction showing a modified form of T bar having embodied therein anti-friction supporting means for the sashes and taken in a plane corresponding to the line 16-16 of Fig. 18;

Fig. 17 is a plane view of the T bar employed in the construction shown in Fig. 16; and 4 Fig. 18 is a detail in vertical section taken on the line 18-18 of Fig. 16.

In the embodiment of my invention as illustrated, a wall 20 has an opening 21 therein, in which a metal window frame 22 is reeeived. This window frame has side slots 23 therein coincident with pockets 24 formed in the wall. The window frame is divided into an upper section 26, and a lower section window framaand a T rail 31 similar to the T rail 30 is secured to the upper side of the cross member 28. These Trails form runways on which uppersashes 32 and 33 are slidable side-wise through the slots 23 into the pockets 24.

The bottom surface of the 28 has a T rail 38 secured thereto'and the bottom of the easement has a T rail 39 se cured thereto. These T rails are similar to cross member the 'i' rails 32 and '33 and extending through the slots into the pockets 24. Lower sashes 40 and 41 are slidable side-wise on the T rails 38 and 39 through the slots 23 into the pockets 24.

The cross member 28 may be omitted and the T rails '31 and 38 secured together, as shown in Fig. 8. This construction may be employed on windows of comparatively narrow widths.

Each of the sashes. comprises top members or rails 43, bottom members or rails 44, outer end members or stiles 45 and coacting inner end members or stiles 46. These members are preferably rolled to shape from strip steel in such manner as to form external grooves 47 therein, internal grooves 48 and inwardly projecting outside lips 49 forming rabbets 5O spaced from the grooves 48. A glass pane 51 is received in the internal rabbets 50 and against the lips 49. Rectangular strips 52 are releasably secured in the internal grooves 50 and held in place by countersunk screws 53. These rectangular strips project beyond the grooves and form spaces 54 between the pane and themselves, wherein a body of putty 55 may be placed, whereby the glass panes are secured and a weathertight joint is formed. This construction permits insertion of the glass from the interior of the building. The grooves 47 in the top members 43 and bottom members 44 of the sashes 32 and 33 engage the T rails 30 and 31 respectively and in this manner form slidable weather-tight joints with the window frame and cross member 28. The lower sashes 40 and 41 form slidable weathertight joints with the window frame by engaging the T rails 38 and 39 in similar manner. bers 46 on the sashes 32 and 40 have rectangular strips 56 secured in the external grooves 47 thereof, as by screws 57, and ad-- ditional rectangular strips 58 are secured to the outsides thereof by screws 59. Both the strips 56 and 58 project beyond the body of the inner end members. The strips 56 are adapted to enter the external grooves 47 in the coacting members 46 of the sashes 33 and 41 and form weather-tight joints when the sashes are closed. The strips 58 are adapted "to be received over the outside of the inner end members 46 of the sashes 33 and 41 when the same are closed, and form effective means to prevent rain or WlIld 'entermg therebetween. 7

Means are provided whereby the outer end members of the sashes are caused to form wcathertight' joints with the window frames. Thus, channel bars 65 are secured to the outer end members of the sashes by screws 66 in such manner asto have the grooves open in a direction away from the window frame. Coacting channels bars 67 having right angle flanges 68 thereon, are secured to the window frames adjacent the slots 23 by screws 69. The channel bars 65 are so located on the outer end members of the-sashes as to have lips 70 thereof enter the grooves in the channel bars 67, and channel bars 67' are so located on the window frame as to.

handle 79, and a lever having lug 81 at its outer end. In locking the sashes, the han- The coacting inner end n1emdle 79 is forced in a downward direction which causes the catch 78 to be received behind the lug 81 on the lever 80, after which the sashes cannot be pulled away from each other. i

It will be observed that with this construction the sashes may be opened and closed, without in any manner interfering with draperies, floor coverings or other objects placed aboutthe window in the interior of the building, or potted plants or flower boxes placed in the window frame. The manner in which the sash is guided and supported over its entire length precludes the possibility of distortion or sagging thereof, thereby making for ease of operation and avoiding all sticking and binding of the sashes in the window frame.

By employing T bars as runways, the sashes are always held in uniform planes and simultaneously form Weathertight joints between the Window frame and the tops and bottoms thereof. The interlocking channel bars on the sash and the sides of the window casement, efl'ectively form weathertight joints when the sashes areclosed, also the construction of the inner end members of the sashes is such as to prevent moisture or wind penetrating the same when they are in closed position. In this manner weathertight joints are obtained on all sides of the sashes.

A further advantage is obtained by dividing the window into an upper and lower section, making it possible in severe weather, to open the upper sash only to a limited extent, the bottom sashes remaini'ng closed. In this manner perfect ventilation may be obtained. In extremely warm weather, it is possible to entirely open the upper and lower sashes at the same time, thereby utilizing the entire window opening for ventilation if desired.

The forming of the sash members in the manner described, provides an extremely durable and rigid construction. By sliding the sash side-wise, as previously described, the same cannot be disturbed by a gust of wind, thereby avoiding the forcible slamming shut of the sashes and the consequent breaking of the glass panes. This feature also avoids the use of pulleys, cords, counterweights, pivotal hangings and hinges, these devices always being troubleome in their op eration. The absence of these last named devices make for extremely easy and noiseless operation.

Should it become necessary to replace the glass, if for any reason the same becomes broken, it'ifinly necessary to remove the screws 53 which permits the withdrawal of the rectangular strips 52, whereupon the putty may be taken out and the glass easily replaced without removing the sashes from the window frame. this being entirely accomplished from'theifiterior ofthe building. Also in cleaning the glass panes, it is only necessary to slide one of the sashes aside, whereupon the glass in the remaining sash may be reached over its entire surface from the interior of the building, without the necessity of standing on the window sill, and subjecting persons cleaning the windows to the danger of falling. By employing pockets in the walls in which the sashes are received, breakage is avoided from the interior of the building when the sash is open.

In Figs. 13, 14 and 151 have illustrated a modification of my improved window construction wherein the use of wall pockets is avoided. In this construction, I prefer to form the window frame of greater depth and so locate the side slots therein as to'be beyond the interior surface of the Wall. The T rails are secured to the window frame, as

3% before described, and project through and beyond the slots, the projecting portions thereof lying closely adjacent the interior surface of the wall. In this manner thesash also is retained entirely within the building when open, and yet does not interfere with floor coverings or draperies in any manner. This construction also provides a greater space between the sash and the exterior plane of the wall, this space also providing a means of preventing rain or snow from beating in on the glass panes, the same being protected by the window frame.

In Figs. 16 to 18 inclusive, I have shown a modified form of T rails having anti-friction means therein on which the sash is carried. This anti-friction means comprises rollers 85 journaled on pins 86 secured in the ongue 87 of the T rail. Clearance is provided for the rollers 85 as by slots 88 serted in the wall.

in the bases 89 of the T rails. The top and bottom members contact the rollers and threby provide anti-friction runways for the sashes. k

It will be observed that the upkeep of my improved construction is practically negligible as no decayable material is employed therein. An additional advantageous feature of this construction is, that a complete window may be manufactured as a sin le unit, and need not be'taken apart in or er to install the same in the building. Also the interior of the building may be entirely finished before the window is installed without additional labor being expended thereon. My improvedconstruction further provides a pleasing and ornamental appearance. When wall pockets are employed to receive the sashes, I prefer to divide the T rails into two sections, as for instance, by a miter joint 82, as shown in Fig. 4, whereby the sashes may be pushed aside and the T. rails put in place after the window frame has been in- However, when the use of wall pockets is not desired or necessary, the T rails need not be divided, as shown,

but may be'left in one solid length, it only being necessary to insert the complete unit in the window opening.

My improved construction fills requirements that have long been desired, none of the objectionable features being present, as in other constructions.

What I claim is new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a window construction, a wall, a metal Window'frame in said wall having a vertical slot in each side thereof, vertical pockets in said wall coincident with said slots respectively, T bars horizontally secured to the top and bottom, respectively of said window frame and extending through and beyond said slots into said pockets, respectively, a pair of sashes slidable on said T bars into said pockets and comprising top members, bottom members, outer end members and coacting inner endmembers, said bottom and top members having external grooves therein adapted to engage said T bars to form slidable weathertight joints therewith, said coacting inner end members having external grooves therein, a rectangular bar secured in said groove in said inner end member of one of said sashes adapted to engage said groove in said inner end member of the other of said sashes, a plate fixed to said "last inner end member and adapted to engage the other inner end member to form a weathertight joint, channel bars on said window frame adjacent said slots, and reverse channel bars on said outer end members of said sashes adapted to engage said first named channel bars when said sashes are in closed position to form weathertight joints between said window frame and said sashes.

2. In a' window construction, a wall, a metal window frame in said wall comprising sides, a top, and a bottom, slots in said sides, respectively, pockets in said wall coincident with said slots, 2. T bar secured to the interior of said top and extendin through and beyond said slots into said poc ets, a second T bar secured to the interior of said bottom and extending through and beyond said slots into said pockets, respectively, a pair of sashes slidable on said T bars into said pockets and comprising, top members, bottom members, outer end members, and coacting inner end members, external grooves in said top and bottom members adapted to engage said T bars, respectively, external groovesin said coacting inner end members,'a rectangular strip secured in said last named groove in said inner end member of one of said sashes adapted to engage said groove in said inner end member of the other of said sashes, a second rectangular strip secured to the outside of said inner end member on one of said sashes adapted to engage the outside of the inner end member of the other of said sashes, said grooves and rectangularstrips and inner end members so arranged as to 7 form weathertight joints between said sashes, channel members secured to said sidewalls of said window frame adjacent said slots, reversed channel members secured to said outer end members of said sashes adapted to engage said first named channel members to form weathertight joint between said sashes and said window frame, glass panes in said sashes, and means to secure said panes in said sashes to permit their removal from the interior of the building.

3. In window construction, a wall, a metal window frame in said wall, a pair of sashes slidably mounted in said frame I and each comprising an upper and lower rail and an inner and outer stile, each of said inner stiles having a longitudinal groove in its outer edge, a rectangular bar-secured in said groove in one of said inner stiles and adapted to enter said groove in the other said inner stile to form a weathertight joint and a plate secured to said last inner stile and adapted to overlap the other said inner stile whereby a reenforced weathertight joint is formed. a

4. In window construction, a wall, a frame in said wall, a pair of sashes slidably mounted in said frame and each comprising an upper and a lower rail and an inner and an outer stile each of said inner stiles having .a longitudinal groove in its outer edge, a longitudinal plate secured in the groove in one of said inner stiles and adapted to enter said groove in the other of said inner stiles when said sashes are in closed position, whereby a weathertight joint .is formed, and a longitudinal member secured to said last inner stile and adapted to overlap and engage a side of the other said inner stile whereby a reenforced weathertight joint is formed, substantially as described.

5. 'In window construction, a wall, a window frame in said wall, a pair of sashes slidable horizontally in said frame and in alinement with each other and the inner edges of said sashes adapted to engage each other when in closed position, said inner edges each having a longitudinal groove therein, a rectangular bar secured in said groove in one of said inner edges and adapted to engage said groove in the other of said inner edges;

to form a weathertight joint, and a plate secured to one of said sashes and adjacent its inner edge and adapted to overlap and 'engage the side of the other said sashes, substantially as described.

6. In window constructions, a wall, a window frame in said wall, a pair of sashes slidably mounted in said frame and each comprising an upper and a lower rail and an inner and outer stile, each of said inner stiles having a longitudinal groove in its outer edge, and a rectangular bar secured in said groove in one of said inner stiles and adapted to enter a groove in the other of said stiles and having a space between the edge of said bar and said last stile when said sashes are in closed position, whereby a weathertight joint is formed irrespective of expansion and contraction of said sashes and frame.

7. In window constructions, a wall, a window frame in-said wall, a pair of sashes in said frame and each comprising an upper and a lower rail and an inner and outer stile, each of said inner stiles having a longitudinalgroove in its outeredge, and a rectangular bar secured in said groove in one of said inner stiles and adapted to enter a groove in the other of said stiles and having a space between the edge of said bar and said last stile when said sashes are in closed position, whereby a-weathertight joint is formed irrespective of expansion and-contraction of said sashes and frame.

8. In window constructions, a wall, a window frame in said wall, a pair of sashes slidably mounted in said frame and -each comprising an upper and a lower rail and an inner and outer stile, each of said inner stiles having a longitudinal groove in its outer edge, a rectangular bar secured in said groove in one of said inner stiles and adapted to enter said groove in the other of said stiles and having a space between the edge of said bar and said last stile and in said last groove when said sashes are in .closed position, whereby a weathertight joint is formed irrespective of expansion and contraction of said sashes and said frame and a plate secured to one of said stiles and adapted to overlap the other said stiles whereby a reenforced weathertight joint is effectively accomplished,

9. In Window, constructions, a wall, a window frame in said wall, a pair of sashes in said frame and each comprising an upper and a lower rail and an inner and outer stile, each of said inner stiles having a longitudinal groove in its outer edge, a rectangular bar secured in said groove in one of said inner stiles and adapted to enter said groove in the other of said stiles and having a space between the edge of said bar and said last stile and in said last groove when said sashes are in closed position, whereby a weathertight joint is formed irrespective of expansion and contraction of said sashes and said frame and a plate secured to one of said stiles and adapted to longitudinal groove in its outer edge, a longitudinal plate secured to the other of said inner stiles and adapted to enter said groove and'whereby a space is formed between the innermost edge of said plate and said last stile to form a weathertight joint unaffected by expansion or contraction of said window.

11. In window constructions, a wall, a frame in said wall, a pair of sashes in said frame and each comprlsing an upper and a lower rail and an inner and outer stile, one of said inner stiles having a longitudinal groove in its outer edge, a longitudinal plate secured to the other of said inner stiles and adapted to enter said groove, and whereby a space is formed between the innermost edge of said plate and said last stile to form a weathertight joint unaffected by expansion or contraction of said window.

12. In window constructions, a wall, a window frame in said wall, a pair of sashes slidable horizontally in said frame and. each comprising an upper and a lower rail and an inner and outer stile, each of said inner stiles having a longitudinal groove in its outer edge, a rectangular bar secured in said groove in one of said inner stiles and adapted to enter said groove in the other of said stiles and having a space between the edge of said bar and said last stile and in said last groove when said sashes are in closed position, whereby a weathertight joint is formed irrespective of expansion and contraction of said sashes and said frame and a plate secured to one of said stiles and adapted to overlap the other of said stiles whereby a reenforced weathertight joint is efi'ectively accomplished.

13. In window constructions, a wall, a frame in said Wall, a pair of sashes slidable horizontally in said frame and each com prising an upper and a lower rail and an inner and outer stile, one of said inner stiles having a longitudinal groove-in its outer edge, a longitudinal plate secured to the other of said inner stiles and adapted to enter said groove, whereby a space is formed between the innermost edge of said plate and saidrlast stile to form a weather-tight joint unaffected by expansion or contraction of said window.

AMELIA E. ANDERSON. 

